Human Generated Data

Title

Fragment of a Buddhist Sutra

Date

11th Century

People

-

Classification

Calligraphy

Credit Line

Harvard Art Museums/Arthur M. Sackler Museum, Gift of Philip Hofer, 1984.297.21

Human Generated Data

Title

Fragment of a Buddhist Sutra

Date

11th Century

Classification

Calligraphy

Credit Line

Harvard Art Museums/Arthur M. Sackler Museum, Gift of Philip Hofer, 1984.297.21

Machine Generated Data

Tags

Amazon
created on 2019-07-07

Text 97.5
Scroll 82.8
Bee 69.2
Invertebrate 69.2
Insect 69.2
Animal 69.2
Handwriting 60.6
Calligraphy 57.6

Clarifai
created on 2019-07-07

paper 99.5
calligraphy 99.2
traditional 98.3
no person 95.5
retro 94
writing 93.2
illustration 92.6
calligrapher 92.4
old 91.7
design 91.6
art 91.5
letter 91.4
antique 91
text 90.8
culture 90.7
desktop 89.8
symbol 89.7
pattern 88.8
ink 88.2
vertical 88.1

Imagga
created on 2019-07-07

old 40.4
paper 37.1
antique 29.6
vintage 28.1
texture 27.1
grunge 26.4
envelope 25.7
wallpaper 24.5
page 24.1
pattern 23.9
retro 23.8
map 23.3
art 22.8
journal 22.8
bookmark 22.7
aged 19.9
design 19.7
blank 18.9
book 18.8
container 18.6
dirty 18.1
brown 17.7
manuscript 16.6
backdrop 16.5
menu 16.4
ancient 15.6
sepia 15.5
parchment 15.4
floral 15.3
document 14.8
textured 14
letter 13.8
rough 13.7
atlas 13.6
frame 13.3
fare 12.8
torn 12.6
geography 12.5
gold 12.3
nation 12.3
text 12.2
card 12.1
note 11.9
route 11.7
color 11.7
decoration 11.6
navigation 11.5
flower 11.5
country 11.4
capital 11.4
plan 11.3
planet 11.3
fabric 11.3
sheet 11.3
decorative 10.9
navigate 10.8
material 10.7
cotton 10.7
continent 10.7
world 10.6
rustic 10.6
damaged 10.5
direction 10.5
artistic 10.4
globe 10.2
yellow 9.9
road 9.9
geographic 9.9
expedition 9.9
boundary 9.8
location 9.8
find 9.8
guide 9.8
position 9.8
discovery 9.7
detail 9.7
path 9.4
empty 9.4
journey 9.4
writing 9.4
artwork 9.2
travel 9.2
city 9.1
tourism 9.1
food 9
decor 8.8
closeup 8.8
symbol 8.7
scrapbook 8.7
tour 8.7
state 8.6
leaf 8.6
binding 8.6
canvas 8.5
element 8.3
style 8.2
border 8.1
close 8
creative 7.9
business 7.9
diary 7.8
ragged 7.8
papers 7.8
drawing 7.7
notebook 7.7
rust 7.7
fiber 7.7
worn 7.6
scroll 7.6
lace 7.6
write 7.5
history 7.2

Google
created on 2019-07-07

Text 90.3
Font 78.3
Calligraphy 57.6

Microsoft
created on 2019-07-07

handwriting 99.8
text 84.5
letter 78.3
calligraphy 55.2

Color Analysis

Feature analysis

Amazon

Rug
Honey Bee

Clarifai

Book
Plant

AWS Rekognition

Rug 90%

AWS Rekognition

Honey Bee 69.2%

AWS Rekognition

Honey Bee 66.2%

AWS Rekognition

Honey Bee 62.3%

Clarifai

Book 55%

Clarifai

Plant 33.4%

Categories

Imagga
created on 2019-07-07

streetview architecture 94.8%
paintings art 3.1%
food drinks 1.8%

Captions

Microsoft
created by unknown on 2019-07-07

a close up of a curtain 45.9%
a close up of a rug 45.8%
close up of a curtain 37.9%

Clarifai

No captions written

Salesforce

Created by general-english-image-caption-blip on 2025-05-21

a photograph of a piece of paper with chinese writing on it

Created by general-english-image-caption-blip-2 on 2025-07-03

a piece of paper with chinese writing on it

OpenAI GPT

Created by gpt-4o-2024-11-20 on 2025-06-07

This image shows a piece of aged, torn, and stained paper with Chinese calligraphy written in columns. The text contains a repetitive phrase "南無" (pronounced "Namo"), which is a homage or reverential invocation often seen in Buddhist scripture or prayers. The characters are neatly arranged in vertical lines, characteristic of traditional Chinese text formatting.

The paper shows signs of wear and decay, with visible holes, tears, and discoloration, suggesting that it is quite old or has been preserved in challenging conditions. These elements contribute to the historical or spiritual significance of the document, as such writings are often associated with religious manuscripts or devotional materials.

Created by gpt-4o-2024-08-06 on 2025-06-07

The image depicts an old, worn piece of paper featuring text in traditional Chinese characters. The paper is yellowed and shows signs of aging, with visible stains, creases, and small tears along the edges. The text is neatly arranged in vertical columns, a common format for traditional Chinese writing. Despite the damage, the ink appears to be well-preserved, with the characters clearly legible.

Anthropic Claude

Created by anthropic.claude-3-haiku-20240307-v1:0 on 2025-06-14

The image appears to be a piece of old, yellowed paper with Chinese calligraphy written on it. The text appears to be a religious or philosophical text, with many repetitions of the character "南" (nan) which could refer to the cardinal direction south. The text is written in a traditional Chinese script style, suggesting this is an ancient document or text. The paper has some tears and damage, indicating its age and fragility. Overall, the image depicts an intriguing historical artifact containing Chinese characters and calligraphy.

Created by us.anthropic.claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022-v2:0 on 2025-06-14

This image appears to be an ancient Buddhist text written in Chinese characters on aged, yellowed paper or parchment. The text is written in vertical columns, reading from right to left, which is traditional for classical Chinese writing. The characters appear to be written in black ink with a brush, showing the characteristic strokes of Chinese calligraphy. The document shows signs of age and wear, with some staining and deterioration visible on the paper, particularly around the edges. The character "南" (nán, meaning "south") appears repeatedly throughout the text, along with "佛" (fó, meaning "Buddha"), suggesting this is likely a Buddhist sutra or religious text. The paper has a brownish-tan color typical of aged documents, and there are some areas where the paper appears to have damage or missing pieces.

Meta Llama

Created by us.meta.llama3-2-90b-instruct-v1:0 on 2025-05-31

The image depicts a piece of aged, yellowed paper with Chinese characters written on it in black ink. The paper appears to be torn and worn, with visible signs of aging such as discoloration and fraying along the edges. The characters are written in a traditional Chinese script, possibly from the Ming or Qing dynasty, and are arranged in columns on the page.

The background of the image is white, suggesting that the paper may have been scanned or photographed against a plain backdrop. Overall, the image suggests that the paper is an antique or historical document, possibly a letter, poem, or other written work from ancient China.

Created by us.meta.llama3-2-11b-instruct-v1:0 on 2025-05-31

The image presents a piece of aged, yellowed paper featuring Chinese calligraphy. The paper is torn and has a rough, uneven edge, with visible tears and stains throughout. It appears to be a fragment of an ancient document or scroll.

The text on the paper is written in black ink and consists of several lines of Chinese characters. The characters are arranged in a vertical column, with each line containing a few dozen characters. The writing style is traditional and ornate, with intricate flourishes and strokes.

The background of the image is white, suggesting that the paper has been placed on a flat surface or mounted on a wall. The overall effect is one of age and authenticity, as if the paper has been preserved for centuries and is now being displayed for its historical significance.

The image conveys a sense of cultural heritage and tradition, highlighting the importance of preserving ancient texts and documents. It also showcases the beauty and elegance of traditional Chinese calligraphy, which is highly valued in Chinese culture for its artistic and symbolic significance.

Amazon Nova

Created by amazon.nova-lite-v1:0 on 2025-05-30

The image shows a piece of aged, yellowed paper with Chinese characters written on it. The paper appears to be torn and weathered, with some parts of the text faded or obscured due to the condition of the paper. The characters are written in a traditional style, with each character occupying a separate space, and are arranged in a grid-like pattern, suggesting that it might be a document or a piece of literature. The paper is placed on a white surface, which helps to highlight the contrast between the aged paper and the modern background.

Created by amazon.nova-pro-v1:0 on 2025-05-30

The image shows a piece of paper with Chinese characters written on it. The paper appears to be old and worn, with some parts torn or damaged. The characters are written in black ink, and they seem to be arranged in a grid-like pattern. The characters are relatively large and easy to read, suggesting that they were written by hand rather than printed. Overall, the image conveys a sense of history and tradition, as the paper and writing style are reminiscent of ancient Chinese manuscripts.

Google Gemini

Created by gemini-2.0-flash on 2025-05-14

Here is a description of the image:

The image shows a section of what appears to be a historical East Asian text, likely Buddhist in nature. The paper is aged and has a brownish tint, with some staining and tears around the edges, indicating significant age and handling. Vertical lines are visible, suggesting the text was written in columns, which is common in traditional East Asian writing.

The text itself is written in traditional Chinese characters, arranged in a vertical format. The characters are written in black ink, which contrasts with the aged paper. The style of writing is calligraphic, with each character carefully formed, pointing to a skilled scribe. The text contains phrases related to Buddhist concepts, like "南無" (Namo), which is a salutation in Buddhism, followed by various terms associated with Buddhas and virtues.

Created by gemini-2.0-flash-lite on 2025-05-14

The image shows a page of calligraphy written in Chinese characters. The text appears to be related to Buddhist themes, possibly a sutra or a list of Buddhas. The paper has an aged appearance, with a light brown color, suggesting it is an old document. The edges of the paper are torn, which further supports the idea that it is a historic artifact. The calligraphy style is traditional and neat, and each column is written in neat, vertically-aligned columns. Overall, the image showcases a fragment of religious text with an antique aesthetic.

Mistral Pixtral

Created by us.mistral.pixtral-large-2502-v1:0 on 2025-06-03

The image depicts an ancient manuscript written in Chinese characters. The text is arranged in vertical columns, which is typical of traditional Chinese writing. The paper appears aged and has a yellowish-brown hue, with visible signs of wear and tear, including some stains and frayed edges. The characters are written in black ink, and the handwriting style suggests it could be from a historical period. The content of the manuscript is not immediately clear without translation, but it is likely a document of historical or cultural significance. The overall appearance indicates that this document has been preserved over a long period.

Qwen

Created by Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct on 2025-07-08

The image shows an ancient piece of paper with Chinese calligraphy. The text appears to be written in a traditional Chinese script, possibly in the form of a religious text or a sutra. The paper has a yellowish tone, suggesting it is quite old, and it shows signs of wear and tear, including some tears and discoloration. The text is divided into vertical columns, typical of traditional Chinese writing, and the characters are written in black ink. The overall appearance of the paper and the writing style give it a historical and cultural significance.

Created by Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-72B-Instruct on 2025-07-08

The image shows an aged piece of paper or parchment with Chinese characters written in vertical columns. The text appears to be in traditional Chinese calligraphy, with characters arranged from right to left. The paper has a weathered appearance, with some discoloration, stains, and a slightly ragged edge, suggesting it is an older document. The characters are written in black ink, and the text seems to be a series of phrases or names, possibly related to religious or philosophical content, given the style and arrangement. There are eight columns of text, with the first column on the far right and the last column on the far left. The overall impression is that of an ancient scroll or manuscript.

Text analysis

Amazon

r
X
09
f
:
r S
K
f K
S
R

Google

南南南南南南南南1 元光明輪泩巖 弥? 九九障礎眼佛 量 眼佛 无一切 ,印德佛 南充充量出 寶 步 佛 任慧佛 不堂腓 南九充逸侑行佛南 南无虛空輪光明佛 南元元量.佛
南南南南南
南南南
1
光明
?
九九
一切
,
南充
量出
虛空
.