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Human Generated Data

Title

Limburgi expugnatio, 1578

Date

1640

People

Artist: Johann Wilhelm Baur, German 1607 - 1641

Classification

Prints

Credit Line

Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Acquisition Fund for Prints, S11.19

Human Generated Data

Title

Limburgi expugnatio, 1578

People

Artist: Johann Wilhelm Baur, German 1607 - 1641

Date

1640

Classification

Prints

Credit Line

Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Acquisition Fund for Prints, S11.19

Machine Generated Data

Tags

Amazon
created on 2019-04-02

Text 87.8
Art 85.5
Drawing 85.4
Rug 81.3
Painting 69.8
Sketch 67.5
Outdoors 60.3
Doodle 58.9

Clarifai
created on 2018-03-23

illustration 99.4
art 98.2
print 96.7
desktop 96.1
vintage 95.9
design 95.4
retro 95.1
picture frame 94.9
old 94.5
decoration 94.4
vector 93.8
pattern 93
people 92.3
paper 91.2
abstract 90.2
texture 90.2
antique 89.7
engraving 89.5
ornate 89
dirty 87.9
Animal 61.4
Person 57
Animal 55.8
Tree 53.2
Tree 49.6
Tree 48.4
Person 46
Tree 43.2
Tree 42.1
Tree 40.5
Tree 40.5
Tree 40.3
Tree 37.9
Tree 35.7
Clothing 34.3
Tree 34.2
Tree 33.7
Tree 33.3
Person 33.2

Imagga
created on 2018-03-23

map 42
pattern 31.5
texture 30.6
representation 29.9
design 26.5
old 25.1
arabesque 25.1
vintage 24.9
antique 24.8
grunge 24.7
wallpaper 23
retro 20.5
journal 19.9
art 19.8
liquid 19.2
splash 19
floral 18.8
paper 18.2
backdrop 18.2
atlas 18.1
surface 17.7
clean 17.6
dirty 17.2
card 16.8
water 16.7
border 16.3
decorative 15.9
clear 15.7
frame 15.6
backgrounds 15.4
transparent 15.3
wet 15.2
drawing 15.2
bubble 15.1
graphic 14.6
drop 14.5
cool 14.2
stucco 14.2
element 14.1
ornament 13.8
cold 13.8
envelope 13.8
ornate 13.7
style 13.4
bubbles 13.3
drops 13.2
textured 13.2
decoration 13.1
elements 13
paint 12.7
drink 12.6
leaf 12.5
page 12.1
close 12
material 11.6
world 11.5
grungy 11.4
sea 11
flower 10.8
droplets 10.7
color 10.6
curve 10.5
detail 10.5
plant 10.5
motion 10.3
swirl 10.2
glass 10.1
freshness 10
ocean 10
fresh 9.8
wash 9.7
text 9.6
wave 9.5
wall 9.4
container 9.3
rough 9.1
sketch 9.1
black 9
shape 9
decor 8.9
sepia 8.8
light 8.7
ripple 8.6
bath 8.6
hygiene 8.5
modern 8.4
health 8.4
aged 8.2
structure 8
flourishes 7.9
thirst 7.8
font 7.8
droplet 7.8
splashing 7.8
damask 7.7
line 7.7
geography 7.7
stained 7.7
set 7.6
damaged 7.6
rain 7.6
silhouette 7.5
greeting 7.4
symbol 7.4
brown 7.4
shiny 7.1

Google
created on 2018-03-23

text 89.6
black and white 83.5
artwork 68.5
line 65.3
art 61.6
organism 61.2
illustration 58.5
drawing 57.7
monochrome 56.3
history 56.3
tree 55.3
font 55.1
paper 53.5
sketch 50.4

Microsoft
created on 2018-03-23

text 93
stone 3.9

Color Analysis

Feature analysis

Amazon

Rug
Rug 81.3%

Categories

Captions

Clarifai
created by general-english-image-caption-blip-2 on 2025-06-28

the battle of the bulge, 17 november 1944 -100%
a photograph of a drawing of a battle scene with a large group of soldiers -100%

OpenAI GPT

Created by gpt-4 on 2024-12-15

This is a historical etching or engraving depicting a battle scene during a siege. Here are the elements of the image:

  1. Scrolls with Text: Two elaborate scrolls at the top of the image contain text that likely provides context about the depicted event, possibly the name of the battle or siege, a date, and perhaps some historical notes or descriptions.

  2. Battlefield: In the foreground, there are numerous soldiers engaged in combat. Some are on horseback, and others are on foot, wielding various weapons such as swords, pikes, and possibly early firearms. There are also fallen combatants and horses, indicating the ferocity of the battle.

  3. Fortifications: The middle ground shows fortified walls and towers, suggesting the scene takes place during a siege of a fortified city or castle. Gates are visible, and there are paths leading up to these fortifications.

  4. City or Town: In the background, beyond the walls, there's a city or town with numerous buildings, including what appears to be a church or cathedral with a prominent spire. The layout is typical of European cities during the late medieval or early modern period.

  5. Landscape: The city is surrounded by additional landscape features such as hills, trees, and possibly more structures in the distance, creating a sense of the settlement's broader setting.

  6. Smoke: Clouds of smoke rise from various points of conflict, implying the use of gunpowder weapons or fires within the battle.

  7. Alphabetical Labels: Throughout the image, there are letters (A, B, C, etc.) that correspond to specific elements or locations within the scene. These are often used to provide a key or legend within the text to explain details or identify important figures and locations in historical prints.

  8. Artist's Signature: There appears to be a signature at the bottom right, indicating the name of the engraver or artist who created the piece.

The overall impression is of a historic document that captures a moment during a significant military event, intended for the viewer to study or reflect upon the details of that historical episode.

Created by gpt-4o-2024-05-13 on 2024-12-15

The image depicts a historical battle scene rendered in an engraving style. It is labeled "Limburgi expugnatio Ioannis Austriaco gubernatore 1578," indicating it represents the capture or siege of Limburg by the governor John of Austria in the year 1578. The composition is quite detailed and busy, featuring numerous soldiers engaged in battle with smoke and cannon fire throughout the scene.

Key features include:

  • A central church or large building marked 'B' with substantial damage and smoke rising around it.
  • Soldiers uniformly in different positions, some attacking while others appear to be defending or retreating.
  • Cannons and other artillery pieces contributing to the chaos of the battle.
  • Various labels marked with letters (A to R) associated with a descriptive key in Latin at the top of the image.

The background shows an expansive view of the battlefield, including structures, landscape features, and possibly encampments or additional battalions. The detailed lines and extensive use of shading create a dramatic and intense depiction of the historical event.

Anthropic Claude

Created by us.anthropic.claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022-v2:0 on 2025-06-23

This is a historical engraving depicting the Battle of Limburg in 1578. The artwork shows a dramatic military engagement with a landscape view of the town of Limburg, featuring its prominent church spire and buildings in the middle ground. The scene is filled with intense combat action, with soldiers engaged in battle across the hilly terrain. Smoke from musket fire and artillery creates a hazy atmosphere across the battlefield. The image includes a detailed Latin title banner at the top with a key identifying various locations and elements of the scene. The style is typical of 16th-century military engravings, with fine line work and careful attention to architectural and topographical details. The composition effectively captures both the strategic layout of the town and fortifications as well as the chaos of the battle itself.

Created by claude-3-haiku-20240307 on 2024-12-15

This image appears to be an engraved illustration depicting a large battle scene. It shows a detailed panoramic landscape with a fortified city in the center, surrounded by a chaotic battle with many soldiers and explosions. The style suggests this is an historical engraving, likely from the 18th century based on the decorative elements and style of illustration. While there are many human figures depicted, I will not identify or name any individuals shown, in accordance with the instructions provided.

Created by claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022 on 2024-12-15

This is a historical engraving depicting the siege or battle of Limburg in 1578, as indicated by the Latin text in the decorative banner at the top of the image. The artwork shows a dramatic military engagement taking place around a town with prominent church spires and fortifications. The scene is rendered in a detailed etching style typical of the period, with the landscape showing rolling hills and defensive works.

The battle scene is quite chaotic, with soldiers engaged in combat across the foreground. There's extensive use of smoke effects from what appears to be gunfire or artillery, represented by billowing clouds throughout the composition. The town's architecture is carefully detailed, featuring a prominent church with a tall spire at the center of the image.

The perspective is from a slightly elevated viewpoint, allowing the artist to show both the immediate battle action in the foreground and the broader landscape and town layout in the background. Letters are placed throughout the image, corresponding to a legend in the decorative banner above that explains different elements of the scene in Latin.

This type of military scene engraving was common in the 16th and 17th centuries, serving both as historical documentation and as news media of the time, informing people about important military engagements and victories.

Meta Llama

Created by us.meta.llama3-2-11b-instruct-v1:0 on 2024-12-15

The image is a detailed drawing of a battle scene, with a large group of soldiers in the foreground and a cityscape in the background. The soldiers are depicted in various poses, some on horseback and others on foot, all armed with swords, guns, and other weapons. The cityscape features buildings, trees, and a large wall or fortification.

  • Soldiers:
    • The soldiers are shown in various poses, some on horseback and others on foot.
    • They are all armed with swords, guns, and other weapons.
    • Some soldiers are shown charging forward, while others are shown retreating or falling to the ground.
  • Cityscape:
    • The cityscape features buildings, trees, and a large wall or fortification.
    • The buildings are shown in various states of damage, with some appearing to be on fire.
    • The wall or fortification is shown to be breached in several places, with soldiers pouring through the gaps.
  • Background:
    • The background of the image is a light gray color, which helps to highlight the details of the drawing.
    • There are no other objects or features visible in the background.
  • Overall:
    • The image is a detailed and realistic depiction of a battle scene.
    • The use of shading and texture adds depth and dimension to the drawing.
    • The image appears to be a historical or fictional representation of a battle, rather than a realistic depiction of a specific event.

The image is a detailed and realistic depiction of a battle scene, with a large group of soldiers in the foreground and a cityscape in the background. The soldiers are shown in various poses, some on horseback and others on foot, all armed with swords, guns, and other weapons. The cityscape features buildings, trees, and a large wall or fortification, which is shown to be breached in several places. The background of the image is a light gray color, which helps to highlight the details of the drawing. Overall, the image is a historical or fictional representation of a battle, rather than a realistic depiction of a specific event.

Created by us.meta.llama3-2-90b-instruct-v1:0 on 2024-12-15

The image depicts a historical scene of a battle, with the title "Limburgi expugnatio Io. Antiristo Gubernatore 1578" at the top. The scene is divided into two sections: the top section features a banner with text in Latin, while the bottom section shows a chaotic battle scene.

Top Section:

  • A banner with text in Latin, including the title "Limburgi expugnatio Io. Antiristo Gubernatore 1578"
  • The text is written in a formal, cursive script
  • The banner is decorated with intricate designs and flourishes

Bottom Section:

  • A chaotic battle scene, with soldiers and horses in various states of combat
  • The soldiers are armed with swords, spears, and shields
  • The horses are rearing up or falling to the ground
  • The background of the scene is a hilly landscape with buildings and trees
  • The overall atmosphere of the scene is one of chaos and confusion

Additional Details:

  • The image appears to be a woodcut or engraving, with a rough, textured quality to the lines and shading
  • The image is signed by the artist, "T. Willemsz. Brouwer", in the bottom-right corner
  • The image is dated 1578, which suggests that it was created during the Dutch Revolt against Spanish rule.

Amazon Nova

Created by amazon.nova-lite-v1:0 on 2025-02-28

The image is a black-and-white etching that depicts a historical battle scene. The etching is titled "Limburgi expugnatio" and is dated 1578. The image shows a large-scale battle with soldiers engaged in combat, some on horseback and others on foot. The scene is filled with smoke and chaos, with cannons and other weapons being used. In the background, there is a city or town with buildings and structures that appear to be under siege or attack. The etching also includes a banner with Latin text, which provides additional information about the battle and the individuals involved. Overall, the image portrays a dramatic and intense historical event, capturing the chaos and violence of the battle.

Created by amazon.nova-pro-v1:0 on 2025-02-28

The image is a black-and-white etching of a battle scene. It depicts a chaotic battlefield with soldiers engaged in combat. The scene is filled with smoke and dust, suggesting the intensity of the battle. Various figures are shown in action, with some on horseback and others on foot. The soldiers are armed with muskets and swords, and some are depicted in the midst of firing their weapons. In the background, there are buildings and fortifications, indicating that the battle is taking place near a town or city. The image also includes a banner with text, possibly describing the event or providing context for the scene. The overall composition conveys a sense of chaos and violence, capturing the brutality of war.

Google Gemini

Created by gemini-2.0-flash-lite on 2025-05-10

This is a historical print depicting the siege of Limburg in 1578. The artwork is an engraving or etching, showing a detailed scene of the battle.

Key Elements of the Image:

  • Landscape: The image features a detailed landscape with a fortified city in the center, a walled area. The surrounding terrain includes hills and fields, with a river or valley.
  • Battle Scene: The central focus is the depiction of a battle. There are soldiers firing muskets, attacking and defending the city walls. Smoke from cannons and gunfire fills the air, indicating heavy fighting.
  • Figures and Activities: Various figures are depicted, including soldiers, some fallen or wounded, horses, and possible commanders or leaders. Some soldiers are shown scaling the walls, while others are engaged in hand-to-hand combat.
  • Cityscape: The city has a church and other buildings that are attacked by the attackers.
  • Text and Annotations: There is text at the top of the image in Latin, likely describing the event, the key players involved, and the locations of the action. There are also letter annotations labeling various aspects of the scene for clarification.

Style and Context:

  • Historical Art: The print's style is typical of historical illustrations from the period, with a focus on detailed representation of military events.
  • Warfare: The image provides insight into the warfare tactics and technologies.

In essence, this print offers a visual documentation of a historical military event.

Created by gemini-2.0-flash on 2025-05-10

The image is a detailed, black and white historical etching depicting the siege of Limburg in 1578. In the foreground, a chaotic battle scene unfolds, with soldiers clashing amidst billowing smoke from cannons and gunfire. Many soldiers are seen firing rifles, engaging in hand-to-hand combat, or lying wounded on the ground.

In the middle ground, the city of Limburg is depicted with notable architectural features like a tall church spire. Buildings are shrouded in smoke, indicating intense bombardment. Behind the city, a network of fortifications, including walls and defensive trenches, spans across the landscape.

In the background, hills and distant structures are visible, providing depth to the composition. Overlooking the scene are encampments and fortifications on higher ground.

Above the main scene, a decorative banner contains text in Latin, labeling different parts of the scene. The composition is highly detailed and uses etching techniques to convey texture and a sense of movement within the battle.

Mistral Pixtral

Created by us.mistral.pixtral-large-2502-v1:0 on 2025-05-31

The image depicts a historical battle scene, specifically the siege and capture of Limburg by Austrian and Guelderian forces in 1578. The detailed engraving shows a chaotic and intense battlefield with various elements labeled by letters, which correspond to the descriptions provided in the text at the top of the image.

Here is a detailed breakdown of the elements:

  1. A: Limburg with B. suburbs.
  2. C: The city is taken by storm.
  3. D: Limburgers flee into the suburbs.
  4. E: Hispanics enter Limburg and slaughter the defenders.
  5. F: Limburgers are killed in their houses.
  6. G: Limburgers who were in the suburbs are killed.
  7. H: The Hispanics set fire to the suburbs and houses.
  8. I: The Hispanics loot the city.
  9. K: The Hispanics slaughter those fleeing to the forest.
  10. L: Limburgers flee to the forest.
  11. M: Limburgers are killed in the forest.
  12. N: Limburgers and many Hispanics are killed.
  13. O: Many are killed in the suburbs.
  14. P: The Hispanics set fire to the houses and suburbs.
  15. Q: The Hispanics pursue and kill those fleeing.
  16. R: The Hispanics kill those fleeing to the forest.

The engraving is highly detailed, showing soldiers engaged in combat, structures on fire, and the general chaos of battle. The landscape includes hills, trees, and buildings, providing context to the battle's setting. The artist's signature, "P. Molenaer," is visible at the bottom right corner of the image.

Text analysis

Amazon

Austriaco
expugnatio
ad
Limburgi
Guubernatore
M
pugnanter
H
Limburgnm
D
F
E
A
Militor
Limburgentes
L
Farnerio
.
Suburbral
urbr
Limburgi expugnatio lo Austriaco Guubernatore 1578.
Limburgnm urbr Suburbral urbern qwatienha
capieda
Nioniut
qwatienha
D icti suburbist repelenter. . Limburgentes wornibus pugnanter
H Cartra. Farnere
F Lnbunsonie ad
ad capieda M Alex operarrs
forment
Cartra.
icti
Hirram
operarrs
urbern
Nioniut Tribunuif Farnerio L
Rard
wornibus
repelenter.
Farnere
1578.
E Hirram cul drmms Rard forment dira.
Alex
suburbist
cul
E9luclnie
Lnbunsonie
Iiielni Buisk E9luclnie
drmms
Iiielni Buisk
dira.
Tribunuif
conlelrter
ar
lo

Google

mburgi cxpugnatio lo Austriaco Gubernatore 157 8 M Aler Farnesist mitan operary P Militor Hipani urbom angredi parane a F
mburgi
cxpugnatio
lo
Austriaco
Gubernatore
157
8
M
Aler
Farnesist
mitan
operary
P
Militor
Hipani
urbom
angredi
parane
a
F