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Human Generated Data

Title

Battle of the Romans against Hannibal

Date

1567, printed 1602

People

Artist: Cornelis Cort, Netherlandish 1533 - 1578

Artist after: Giulio Romano, Italian 1499? - 1546

Publisher: Giovanni Orlandi, Italian 1590 - 1640

Classification

Prints

Credit Line

Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Gift of Belinda L. Randall from the collection of John Witt Randall, R5178

Human Generated Data

Title

Battle of the Romans against Hannibal

People

Artist: Cornelis Cort, Netherlandish 1533 - 1578

Artist after: Giulio Romano, Italian 1499? - 1546

Publisher: Giovanni Orlandi, Italian 1590 - 1640

Date

1567, printed 1602

Classification

Prints

Credit Line

Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Gift of Belinda L. Randall from the collection of John Witt Randall, R5178

Machine Generated Data

Tags

Amazon
created on 2023-03-07

Art 100
Painting 100
Wedding 93.1
Head 74.5
Animal 73.6
Mammal 73.6
Wildlife 73.6
Face 72.6
Drawing 61

Clarifai
created on 2023-10-13

people 100
group 99.9
print 99.8
many 99.8
illustration 99.5
art 99.4
engraving 99.3
adult 99.2
man 98.6
cavalry 98.5
war 97.4
skirmish 93.9
painting 93.8
soldier 93
interaction 92.9
several 92
mammal 90.3
military 89.1
woman 88.9
leader 86.9

Imagga
created on 2023-03-07

vintage 42.2
sketch 37.4
retro 36.1
art 34.5
design 34.3
pattern 32.9
drawing 32.8
damask 32.5
floral 32.4
decoration 31.3
old 30
grunge 29
antique 28.8
arabesque 27.6
texture 27.1
flower 24.6
wallpaper 24.5
representation 24
paper 22.8
decorative 22.6
decor 21.2
ancient 20.8
leaf 20.3
frame 20
ornate 18.3
plant 17.7
border 16.3
graphic 16.1
element 15.7
aged 15.4
fabric 14.7
creative 14.1
backdrop 14
textured 13.2
artistic 13
swirl 12.9
style 12.6
silhouette 12.4
scroll 12.4
ornament 12.1
foliage 12
paint 11.8
color 11.7
textile 11.4
grungy 11.4
brown 11
elegance 10.9
traditional 10.8
tile 10.8
modern 10.5
detail 10.5
curl 10.5
ornamental 10.5
shape 10.4
painting 9.9
material 9.8
curve 9.6
flowers 9.6
canvas 9.5
fashion 9.1
dirty 9
black 9
royal 8.7
elegant 8.6
money 8.5
elements 8.4
letter 8.3
branch 8.2
card 8
close 8
spring 7.9
flourishes 7.8
nobody 7.8
sepia 7.8
travel 7.7
worn 7.6
paisley 7.5
classic 7.4
gold 7.4
note 7.4
template 7.3
artwork 7.3
backgrounds 7.3
map 7.3
holiday 7.2
history 7.2
silk 7
leaves 7

Google
created on 2023-03-07

Microsoft
created on 2023-03-07

text 99.9
drawing 99.6
book 99.6
sketch 99.3
illustration 93.3
cartoon 92.6
engraving 53.2

Color Analysis

Face analysis

Amazon

AWS Rekognition

Age 39-47
Gender Male, 99.9%
Disgusted 74%
Calm 19.2%
Surprised 6.4%
Fear 6.2%
Sad 3.1%
Happy 1.1%
Angry 1%
Confused 0.8%

Feature analysis

Amazon

Person
Adult
Bride
Female
Woman
Baby
Male
Man
Elephant

Clarifai

Person
Human face
Clothing
Elephant

AWS Rekognition

Person 95.3%

Categories

Imagga
created on 2023-03-07

paintings art 66.9%
nature landscape 17.8%
beaches seaside 9.8%
streetview architecture 4%

Captions

Microsoft
created by unknown on 2023-03-07

a close up of a book 54.6%
close up of a book 49.5%
a hand holding a book 49.4%

Clarifai

No captions written

Salesforce

Created by general-english-image-caption-blip on 2025-05-12

a photograph of a drawing of a man on a horse drawn carriage

Created by general-english-image-caption-blip-2 on 2025-07-01

a drawing of an elephant being attacked by men and animals

OpenAI GPT

Created by gpt-4 on 2024-01-27

This image depicts a busy battle scene engraved in a classical style. There's a sense of dynamic movement and chaos, as armored figures on horses engage in combat with various opponents. Elephants, carrying battlements on their backs, add to the sense of scale and ferocity. Soldiers in the scene are depicted in various states of action, fighting, falling, or regrouping. Flags and spears fill the air, suggesting the clash of large forces. The intensity and detail of the artwork convey a scene filled with turmoil and aggression typical of historical battle depictions. The engraving work is highly detailed, showing intricate patterns on the armor and the elephants' attire, suggesting a scene from an epic historical or mythological narrative.

Created by gpt-4o-2024-05-13 on 2025-01-02

The image portrays an intense battle scene featuring soldiers, elephants, and horses. The soldiers are engaged in fierce combat, with many wielding weapons and some being trampled by the large elephants. The central focus is on multiple elephants adorned with armor, carrying soldiers on their backs. It captures the chaos and brutality of war, with numerous figures clashing amidst a tumultuous environment. The artwork is rendered in intricate detail, capturing the dynamic and frantic energy of the battle.

Anthropic Claude

Created by us.anthropic.claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022-v2:0 on 2025-06-28

This is a dramatic Renaissance-era engraving depicting what appears to be a battle scene with a chaotic mass of figures, horses, and warriors in combat. The composition is densely packed and dynamic, with bodies and horses tumbling and intertwined throughout the scene. The artwork shows impressive technical skill in its detailed linework and shading.

The image appears to be based on a design by Raphael (as indicated by the Latin text at the bottom referencing "RAPHAELLIS VRBINATIS"). It's rendered in black and white, typical of engravings from this period, and demonstrates the complex, multi-figured compositions that were popular during the Renaissance.

The scene is full of movement and tension, with figures shown in various poses of combat, falling, and struggling. There are war horses, weapons, and what appear to be architectural elements in the background. The overall effect is one of intense drama and chaos, characteristic of battle scenes from this artistic period.

The print quality and style suggest this is likely from the 16th century, and it's a fine example of the sophisticated engraving techniques developed during the Renaissance.

Created by claude-3-haiku-48k-20240307 on 2024-03-30

This image appears to be an elaborate and intricate engraving depicting a chaotic and crowded scene. The image is filled with numerous figures, both human and mythological, engaged in various actions and activities. There are many fantastical and allegorical elements present, such as winged creatures, mythical beasts, and figures with unusual or exaggerated physical features. The overall tone of the image seems to convey a sense of disorder, turmoil, and upheaval. The level of detail and the complexity of the composition suggest this is a work of significant artistic skill and ambition.

Meta Llama

Created by us.meta.llama3-2-90b-instruct-v1:0 on 2024-12-25

This image is a depiction of a chaotic battle scene, with a multitude of figures and animals in various states of turmoil. The central focus appears to be a large elephant, surrounded by numerous individuals engaged in combat. Some are on foot, while others are mounted on horses or other animals.

In the background, there are several structures, including what seems to be a building or a wall, as well as a flag or banner. The overall atmosphere of the image is one of intense conflict and disorder, with many of the figures appearing to be in a state of distress or panic.

The style of the image suggests that it may be an illustration or engraving from an earlier period, possibly from the Renaissance or Baroque era. The level of detail and the use of shading and texture give the image a sense of depth and realism, despite the chaotic nature of the scene.

Created by us.meta.llama3-2-11b-instruct-v1:0 on 2024-12-01

The image depicts a dramatic scene of war, with a large group of people and elephants in the foreground and background. The scene is set against a backdrop of a city or town, with buildings and structures visible in the distance.

In the foreground, there are several elephants, some of which are being ridden by men, while others are being attacked or killed. The elephants appear to be in a state of chaos, with some of them trumpeting or rearing up on their hind legs. The men riding the elephants are armed with swords, spears, and other weapons, and appear to be engaged in battle.

In the background, there are several buildings and structures, including what appears to be a temple or palace. There are also several people visible in the background, some of whom are running or fleeing from the scene. The overall atmosphere of the image is one of chaos and destruction, with the sound of trumpeting elephants and the clash of steel on steel filling the air.

The image is likely a depiction of a historical battle or conflict, possibly from ancient times. The level of detail and realism in the image suggests that it may be a work of art, rather than a photograph. The use of elephants and other exotic animals adds to the sense of drama and spectacle, and the overall effect is one of intense energy and action.

Amazon Nova

Created by amazon.nova-lite-v1:0 on 2025-02-26

The image is an old drawing depicting a chaotic battle scene. It appears to be a historical illustration, possibly from the Renaissance period, given the style and composition. The scene is filled with various figures, including soldiers, horses, elephants, and mythical creatures like centaurs and satyrs.

In the foreground, there are numerous soldiers engaged in combat, with some on horseback and others on foot. The elephants, which are a prominent feature of the drawing, are depicted in various states of movement and engagement with the soldiers. Some elephants are trampling enemies, while others are being ridden by soldiers.

The drawing also includes mythical creatures like centaurs and satyrs, adding to the fantastical and dramatic nature of the scene. The overall composition is chaotic and dynamic, with figures in motion and a sense of turmoil and conflict.

The drawing is in black and white, which adds to its historical and timeless quality. The style and composition suggest that it may have been created as an illustration for a historical text or as a standalone piece of art.

Created by amazon.nova-pro-v1:0 on 2025-02-26

The image is a black-and-white drawing of a battle scene. The scene is chaotic, with many people and animals engaged in combat. The image is divided into three sections by the presence of elephants in the middle. On the left side, there are soldiers on foot, some of whom are holding spears and shields. On the right side, there are soldiers on horseback, some of whom are holding swords and spears. In the middle, there are elephants with soldiers on top, some of whom are holding bows and arrows. The image is a detailed and intricate depiction of a battle scene, with many different elements and characters.

Google Gemini

Created by gemini-2.0-flash-lite on 2025-04-28

This is a detailed engraving depicting a battle scene, likely from a historical or mythological context. Here's a breakdown:

Overall Composition:

  • Perspective: The scene uses a complex perspective, with multiple layers of figures and elements, creating depth.
  • Action: The primary focus is on the chaotic nature of battle. It includes the clash of soldiers on foot and horseback, elephants, fallen soldiers, and figures in combat.

Key Elements and Details:

  • Elephants: Several large elephants are prominent in the scene. They carry structures on their backs, which have soldiers on them. The elephants' trunks are raised and in contact with people in the scene.
  • Soldiers: Numerous figures engage in combat. Some are on horseback, while others are on foot. There are archers, swordsmen, and those with spears.
  • Horses: Horses are used as war animals in the scene, and are seen fallen and in the act of battle.
  • Architecture: There are various structures/platforms that seem to be battle structures for the soldiers.
  • Dead and Wounded: Figures lie on the ground, indicating fallen soldiers.
  • Banners/Flags: A banner with "PQR" is visible on the left.
  • Sky/Background: The sky is very dark, and very little background is visible, creating a central focus on the battle.

Style and Technique:

  • Engraving: The image's fine details and tonal gradations suggest it is an engraving. The lines are closely spaced to build up values.
  • Historical/Classical: The subject matter, figures, and style point to a historical or classical setting. The costumes and weapons reinforce this.

Additional Information (Based on OCR text):

  • The bottom part of the image has text, which might include the artist's name, a dedication, and other information.

This detailed image appears to be a depiction of a battle, using classical elements and demonstrating the skill of the artist.

Created by gemini-2.0-flash on 2025-04-28

The image is a detailed engraving depicting a chaotic battle scene involving elephants, horses, and numerous human figures. The scene is filled with dynamic action, as soldiers and riders clash amidst a landscape littered with fallen bodies and broken equipment.

In the foreground, horses rear and fall, their riders caught in the melee. Figures wield swords and other weapons, engaging in hand-to-hand combat. Fallen bodies and discarded armor litter the ground, emphasizing the violence and chaos of the battle.

In the background, large elephants dominate the scene, some carrying armored towers with archers and soldiers armed with shields and trumpets. The elephants trample over the battlefield, adding to the devastation. A flag with the inscription "SPQR" is visible, possibly indicating Roman forces.

The overall composition is dense and complex, with a multitude of figures and details filling the space. The engraving style is characterized by fine lines and intricate shading, creating a sense of depth and texture. The scene evokes a sense of epic scale and dramatic intensity, capturing the brutality and chaos of ancient warfare.

Mistral Pixtral

Created by us.mistral.pixtral-large-2502-v1:0 on 2025-04-28

The image depicts a chaotic battle scene, likely from classical antiquity, featuring numerous soldiers and war elephants. The scene is crowded with intense action and drama. Here are some detailed observations:

  1. War Elephants: Several large elephants are central to the scene. They are equipped with armor and are being ridden by soldiers. The elephants appear to be trampling and attacking opposing forces, contributing to the chaos.

  2. Soldiers: Numerous soldiers are engaged in combat. They are armed with various weapons such as spears, swords, and shields. The soldiers are depicted in dynamic poses, fighting hand-to-hand, falling, or being trampled.

  3. Background Elements: In the background, there are structures that resemble fortifications or city walls, indicating that the battle might be taking place near or within a city. There are also flags and banners, adding to the sense of a large-scale conflict.

  4. Artistic Style: The image is rendered in a detailed, classical style, reminiscent of Renaissance or Baroque art. The use of shading and intricate line work gives depth and texture to the scene.

  5. Inscription: At the bottom of the image, there is an inscription in Latin, which likely provides context or a title for the scene. It reads: "EX ARCHETTO RAPHAELIS URBINATIS QUOD EST APVD THOMAM COVALLVM ROMANVM ANTIQVARIVM CVPITATEM TEUTONIA."

  6. Artist Signature: The image is signed by the artist in the bottom left corner, though the signature is not entirely legible in this reproduction.

Overall, the image captures the tumultuous and violent nature of ancient warfare, with a focus on the dramatic and heroic elements of the battle.

Qwen

Created by Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct on 2025-07-15

This image is a detailed engraving depicting a battle scene. It features a chaotic and intense moment from a historical or mythological battle, possibly inspired by the Battle of Zama or a similar conflict. The scene is filled with numerous figures engaged in combat. There are soldiers on horseback, elephants in the midst of the fray, and various other combatants wielding weapons such as swords, spears, and bows.

In the background, there are men on chariots and a group of individuals atop a fortified structure, some of whom appear to be directing the battle. The text at the bottom of the image identifies the artist as Ioannes Orlandi and notes the engraving was made after a painting by Raphael, specifically the "Battle of Zama" fresco, which was part of the Stanza della Segnatura in the Vatican Palace. The work is dated 1682. The engraving captures the dynamic and dramatic nature of the battle, with skilled use of shading and detail to convey movement and intensity.

Created by Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-72B-Instruct on 2025-07-15

This image is a black and white print, likely an engraving, depicting a chaotic battle scene. The scene is filled with a multitude of figures, horses, and elephants, creating a sense of intense action and movement.

In the foreground, there are soldiers engaged in fierce combat, some on foot and others on horseback. Several figures are shown in various states of distress, with some falling to the ground and others appearing to be wounded or dead. The expressions and postures of the figures convey a sense of urgency and desperation.

In the center and right of the image, there are several elephants, each carrying soldiers on their backs. The elephants are depicted in dynamic poses, with their trunks raised and their legs in motion, adding to the overall sense of chaos. The soldiers on the elephants are actively participating in the battle, some holding weapons and others appearing to be in command.

In the background, there are more soldiers and elephants, as well as a large war machine or siege engine. The machine is manned by several figures, who are operating it and preparing for further action. The scene is framed by various elements such as flags, banners, and architectural structures, which add to the complexity and richness of the composition.

The bottom of the image contains a block of text in Latin, which likely provides information about the artist, the engraver, and the source of the image. The text is written in a formal, classical style, indicating that this is a historical or mythological scene.

Overall, the image is a highly detailed and dramatic representation of a battle, filled with action, movement, and a sense of urgency. The use of perspective and the intricate detailing of the figures and elements create a powerful and engaging visual experience.

Text analysis

Amazon

ANTONIVS
QVOD
EST
EX
QVOD EST APVD
ROMAE
VRBINATIS
EXCVDEBAT ROMAE ANTONIVS
EX RAPHAELIS VRBINATIS
CAVALERIVM
ROMANVM
THOMAM
LAFRERIVS
RAPHAELIS
EXCVDEBAT
APVD
PATRICIVM
`SEOVANI
8
LXVIL
formis
Grana 3.Privilegio 8 LXVIL
loannes
Orlandy
C.Cort.f
loannes Orlandy formis romenbor
Grana
P O R
3.Privilegio
romenbor

Google

C. Cort. f EX ARCHETYPO RAPHAELIS VRBINATIS QVOD EST APVD THOMAM CAVALERIVM PATRICIVM ROMANVM EXCVDEBAT ROMAE ANTONIVS LAFRERIVS SEOVANI 0 BEB48444444 Ioannes Orlandij formis rome bo Gratia Priuilegio. ∞o Lxvil-
C.
Cort
.
f
EX
ARCHETYPO
RAPHAELIS
VRBINATIS
QVOD
EST
APVD
THOMAM
CAVALERIVM
PATRICIVM
ROMANVM
EXCVDEBAT
ROMAE
ANTONIVS
LAFRERIVS
SEOVANI
0
BEB48444444
Ioannes
Orlandij
formis
rome
bo
Gratia
Priuilegio
∞o
Lxvil