Human Generated Data

Title

New Attack on the Fortress

Date

1611

People

Artist: Antonio Tempesta, Italian 1555 - 1630

Classification

Prints

Credit Line

Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. William N. Bullard, by exchange, S8.53.2

Human Generated Data

Title

New Attack on the Fortress

People

Artist: Antonio Tempesta, Italian 1555 - 1630

Date

1611

Classification

Prints

Credit Line

Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. William N. Bullard, by exchange, S8.53.2

Machine Generated Data

Tags

Amazon
created on 2019-04-02

Human 94.7
Art 94.6
Text 82.9
Newspaper 71.3
Drawing 55.8

Clarifai
created on 2018-04-18

people 99.9
illustration 99.8
print 99.8
art 99.5
group 99.4
man 99.2
engraving 99.1
adult 99.1
many 98
force 97.9
war 97.9
woodcut 97.3
cavalry 97.2
skirmish 97.1
painting 96.6
administration 95.9
military 95.7
weapon 94.7
etching 94.7
leader 92.5

Imagga
created on 2018-04-18

map 100
representation 66.1
old 45.4
antique 43.2
vintage 42.2
geography 39.5
atlas 38.4
world 34.6
retro 29.5
paper 29.1
navigation 28.9
travel 27.5
globe 26.9
sepia 26.3
prayer rug 25.1
capital 24.7
ancient 24.3
country 23.7
nation 23.7
discovery 23.4
continent 23.3
plan 22.7
planet 22.6
navigate 22.6
direction 21.9
road 21.7
route 21.5
grunge 21.3
wallpaper 20.7
location 20.6
rug 20
journey 19.8
expedition 19.7
boundary 19.7
guide 19.6
texture 19.5
tourism 19
geographic 18.8
find 18.6
position 18.6
city 18.3
art 18.1
tour 17.4
states 17.4
gold 17.3
money 17
history 17
explore 15.7
floor cover 15.2
pattern 15.1
furnishing 15
global 14.6
finance 14.4
letter 13.8
cash 13.7
border 13.6
state 13.4
path 13.2
page 13
historic 12.9
earth 12.8
tile 12.8
dirty 12.7
torn 12.6
stamp 12.6
currency 12.6
mosaic 12.4
grungy 12.4
note 12
aged 11.8
design 11.3
business 11
covering 11
frame 10.8
bank 10.8
backdrop 10.7
dutch 10.7
mail 10.5
north 10.5
postmark 9.9
postage 9.8
burnt 9.7
banknote 9.7
rust 9.6
stained 9.6
rustic 9.6
worn 9.6
canvas 9.5
banking 9.2
fabric 9.2
rough 9.1
financial 8.9
postal 8.8
manuscript 8.8
countries 8.8
close 8.6
old fashioned 8.6
drawing 8.6
decorative 8.4
dollar 8.4
sketch 8.3
topography 7.9
cartography 7.9
banknotes 7.8
color 7.8
scrapbook 7.8
card 7.8
parchment 7.7
international 7.7
exchange 7.6
communication 7.6
commerce 7.5
puzzle 7.3

Google
created on 2018-04-18

mammal 92.3
history 76.5
black and white 70.3
art 68.9
illustration 55.3
middle ages 51.2
tree 50.6

Microsoft
created on 2018-04-18

text 100
book 99.2

Color Analysis

Feature analysis

Amazon

Person
Painting

Clarifai

Person
Clothing
Footwear
Human face

AWS Rekognition

Person 94.7%

AWS Rekognition

Person 72.9%

AWS Rekognition

Painting 93.1%

Clarifai

Person 79.2%

Clarifai

Person 60%

Clarifai

Person 59.9%

Clarifai

Person 58.5%

Clarifai

Person 57%

Clarifai

Person 55.3%

Clarifai

Person 50.2%

Clarifai

Person 44.7%

Clarifai

Person 38%

Clarifai

Person 34.9%

Clarifai

Clothing 50.3%

Clarifai

Footwear 41.2%

Clarifai

Human face 37.7%

Categories

Imagga
created on 2018-04-18

paintings art 99.8%
streetview architecture 0.1%

Captions

Microsoft
created by unknown on 2018-04-18

a close up of a book 41%
close up of a book 35.2%
a close up of a book cover 35.1%

Clarifai

No captions written

Salesforce

Created by general-english-image-caption-blip on 2025-05-11

a photograph of a drawing of a man in a suit and a woman in a suit

Created by general-english-image-caption-blip-2 on 2025-06-29

an engraving of a battle scene with people in the background

OpenAI GPT

Created by gpt-4 on 2024-12-11

The image depicts an intricate engraving or etching, resembling scenes from historical battles or sieges. It features numerous figures engaged in what appears to be a chaotic conflict:

  • At the left and center, we see a defensive structure, possibly a fortification or city wall, with people on top of it watching the scene or preparing to defend. Projectiles appear to be flying in the air, indicating active combat.

  • A figure is hanging from a noose suspended from a horizontal beam extended outwards from the top of the structure, suggesting some form of execution or punishment is taking place amidst the turmoil.

  • In the foreground, a disorderly melee ensues with an array of combatants wielding swords, pikes, and other weapons of the period. Some are on horseback, whereas others engage on foot.

  • To the right, a prominently positioned figure seems to be directing or rallying the troops, holding what looks like a sword or staff high.

  • In the background, the landscape stretches to a distant horizon, indicating that the scene occurs outside city walls or in an open field.

  • Text in different scripts is visible at the bottom of the image, indicating descriptions or commentary, likely relating to the history or story behind the depicted scene.

The style of the engraving suggests it may be from the early modern period of European history, perhaps illustrating a historical battle or event.

Created by gpt-4o-2024-05-13 on 2024-12-11

This image is an etching depicting a historical battle scene at a castle or fortified city. The scene is chaotic, with soldiers actively engaged in combat both within and outside the fortress walls.

Key elements of the image include:

  1. Fortified Castle/City: The background shows a large wall of a fortress or castle with battlements and towers crowded with soldiers.
  2. Siege Activity: The soldiers on top of the fortress walls are in defensive positions. Some are throwing projectiles, possibly rocks or arrows, while others appear to be in hand-to-hand combat.
  3. Scaling Ladders and Siege Tower: Attackers are attempting to breach the fortress using ladders and what appears to be a wooden siege tower. The siege tower is positioned against the fortress wall, with soldiers climbing it.
  4. Battle on the Ground: In the foreground, soldiers are engaged in various activities. Archers are drawing their bows, aiming towards the fortress. Some soldiers are on horseback, and others are on foot, armed with swords and shields.
  5. Suspended Figure: There is a figure hanging from a rope in the middle of the scene, possibly indicating a form of punishment or an attack on the fortress defenders.
  6. Text: At the bottom of the etching, there is text in Dutch and Latin, which provides context or describes the scene.

The overall scene captures the intensity and violence of a historical siege, illustrating the strategies and chaos of medieval or early modern warfare.

Anthropic Claude

Created by us.anthropic.claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022-v2:0 on 2025-06-23

This is a historical engraving depicting what appears to be a battle or siege scene. The image shows a fortified structure or tower being attacked by a large group of soldiers. The artwork is done in a black and white etching style, typical of medieval or Renaissance period illustrations.

In the scene, there are soldiers climbing ladders and attempting to breach the fortification while others are engaged in combat. The composition is quite dynamic, with figures shown in various poses of combat and movement. At the top of the structure, defenders appear to be resisting the attack.

The bottom of the image includes text in what appears to be Latin and possibly Dutch, suggesting this might be from a historical document or book documenting a specific historical battle or siege. The number "14" is visible in the corner, indicating this might be part of a series of illustrations.

The style and detail of the engraving suggests this is likely from the 16th or 17th century, and it represents the type of military engagement common in European warfare of that period.

Created by claude-3-haiku-20240307 on 2024-12-11

The image appears to depict a large-scale battle or confrontation between armies or groups of people. There are many figures depicted, engaged in combat and conflict. The scene is chaotic and intense, with soldiers, weapons, and other elements of warfare visible throughout. The overall style and composition suggest this is a historical engraving or illustration, likely depicting some significant historical event or battle. Without being able to identify any specific individuals, the image conveys a sense of the scale and intensity of the conflict being represented.

Created by claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022 on 2024-12-11

This appears to be a historical engraving depicting a siege or battle scene, likely from the Dutch revolt against Roman rule. The image shows soldiers attacking a fortified tower or wall structure. Some soldiers are using bows and arrows while others appear to be engaged in close combat. There are soldiers both on top of the fortification and attacking from below. The scene is quite chaotic with various weapons being used including what appears to be spears and other medieval warfare implements.

At the bottom of the image, there is text in both Dutch and Latin, suggesting this is from a historical document or book describing the event. The artwork style is typical of 16th or 17th century engravings, with detailed line work and cross-hatching to create depth and shadow.

The composition is dynamic, showing multiple levels of action both on the ground and on the fortification walls. The level of detail in the soldiers' armor and weapons, as well as the architectural elements, demonstrates the artist's skill in capturing this historical moment.

Meta Llama

Created by us.meta.llama3-2-11b-instruct-v1:0 on 2024-12-11

The image depicts a scene from the 17th-century Dutch Golden Age, specifically a woodcut illustration from the book "Historie van het levens van de Heilige Apostelen" (History of the Lives of the Holy Apostles) by the Flemish artist and engraver, Pieter van der Borcht. The scene shows a chaotic and dramatic moment, with a large group of people gathered around a building, some of whom are armed and appear to be in the midst of a battle or skirmish. The atmosphere is tense and intense, with a sense of urgency and conflict palpable in the air.

In the foreground, several figures are prominently featured, including a man on horseback who seems to be leading the charge, and a group of soldiers or warriors who are armed with swords, spears, and other weapons. The background of the image is less detailed, but it appears to show a city or town in the distance, with buildings and structures visible.

The overall mood of the image is one of drama and tension, with a sense of action and movement that draws the viewer's eye through the scene. The use of bold lines and shading creates a sense of depth and dimensionality, adding to the sense of drama and intensity. The image is likely intended to convey a sense of excitement and adventure, and to engage the viewer's emotions and imagination.

Answer: The image depicts a chaotic and dramatic scene from the 17th-century Dutch Golden Age, showing a group of people gathered around a building, some of whom are armed and appear to be in the midst of a battle or skirmish.

Created by us.meta.llama3-2-90b-instruct-v1:0 on 2024-12-11

The image depicts a scene of battle, with soldiers and horses in the foreground. The scene is set against a backdrop of a castle or fortification, with a large gate in the center. The soldiers are armed with swords, shields, and bows, and are engaged in combat with each other. Some of the soldiers are on horseback, while others are on foot. The horses are depicted in various poses, some rearing up on their hind legs, while others are galloping or standing still.

In the background, there are several buildings and structures, including what appears to be a church or cathedral. The sky is cloudy and gray, adding to the somber mood of the scene. Overall, the image conveys a sense of chaos and conflict, with the soldiers and horses in the midst of a fierce battle.

Amazon Nova

Created by amazon.nova-lite-v1:0 on 2025-02-24

The image is an old black-and-white drawing that depicts a chaotic and intense battle scene. The drawing is divided into two main sections, with a Latin inscription at the bottom. The left section shows a group of people engaged in combat, with some individuals holding weapons and others appearing to be in distress. In the center, there is a large door or gate, and a person is hanging from it, possibly indicating a siege or attack on a fortified structure. The right section of the drawing depicts a more organized group of soldiers, some of whom are raising their hands in a gesture of surrender or submission. There are also individuals holding flags or banners, suggesting the presence of different factions or armies. The overall scene conveys a sense of turmoil, conflict, and the struggle for power or control.

Created by amazon.nova-pro-v1:0 on 2025-02-24

The image is a black-and-white drawing depicting a chaotic scene of a battle. In the foreground, several people are engaged in combat, with some holding bows and arrows, and others wielding swords. One figure is shown with a raised hand, possibly signaling or reacting to the chaos around him. Another man, positioned to the right, is holding a flag, suggesting he might be a leader or a standard-bearer. The background shows a large gate, possibly part of a fortification, with people on top, some of whom are firing arrows at the attackers below. The scene is filled with movement and tension, illustrating a moment of intense conflict.

Google Gemini

Created by gemini-2.0-flash-lite on 2025-06-05

This is a detailed, historical etching depicting a siege or battle scene. Here's a breakdown:

Overall Composition:

  • The scene is bustling with activity, showing a clash between attackers and defenders. The perspective gives a sense of depth, drawing the viewer into the chaos.

Key Elements:

  • Fortification: A large, sturdy stone wall with a watchtower is the focal point. The wall has a large wooden gate, which appears to be under attack.
  • Attackers: Numerous soldiers are attacking the wall. They are equipped with bows and arrows, aiming at the defenders. Some are on horseback.
  • Defenders: Soldiers are positioned atop the wall, defending the gate. They are armed with weapons, likely including spears or similar tools.
  • Weapons: The etching shows a variety of weapons, including bows and arrows, swords, and possibly siege equipment, emphasizing the violent conflict. A catapult or other launching device can be seen on the wall.

Action and Narrative:

  • The scene is clearly dynamic, portraying active combat. Arrows are flying through the air.
  • The etching tells a story of a violent struggle, with attackers trying to breach the defenses of the fort.

Details:

  • The style of the etching suggests a period piece, possibly from the Renaissance or later.
  • The level of detail is impressive, with each figure and piece of equipment carefully rendered.
  • Text is included below, which might be an inscription or caption providing more context about the scene.

In summary, the image is a dramatic depiction of a medieval battle, showing the intensity and brutality of warfare.

Created by gemini-2.0-flash on 2025-06-05

This image is an etching that depicts a scene of warfare. A castle with several people on top is visible in the background. Some people are visible in the doorway of the castle. Soldiers with bows and arrows stand facing the castle with one person on horseback visible amongst them. There is a flag in the background as well. The image is labeled with the number "14" in the bottom corner.

Mistral Pixtral

Created by us.mistral.pixtral-large-2502-v1:0 on 2025-05-29

The image is an engraving depicting a battle scene from the Batavian Revolt against the Roman Empire. The Batavians were a Germanic tribe living in the area of modern-day Netherlands during the 1st century AD.

In the engraving, a group of Batavian warriors is shown attacking a Roman camp. The scene is chaotic, with many figures engaged in combat. The Batavians are armed with various weapons such as spears, swords, and shields. Some of the Roman soldiers are depicted fleeing the scene, while others are engaged in hand-to-hand combat.

The background features a fortified structure with a gate, possibly representing a Roman fort or camp. There are also banners and flags visible, indicating the presence of organized military units. The sky is filled with smoke and debris, suggesting the intensity of the battle.

At the bottom of the image, there is a caption in Latin and Dutch. The Latin text reads:

"Batavi turrim duplici fabulato vallis adnuunt, e qua legiones oppugnant: hanc a Romanis muc'tae trabes perfringunt, qui et aliam machinam parant, qua repente dimissa Batavos singulos aut plures sublime rapiebant."

The Dutch text reads:

"De Hollanders belegeren op een nies het Oude legher, phemaeckt hebbende eenen houten toren met dubbel flagie, om daer op te vechten: maar den jlauen wordt met balcken ende stenen van de Romaynen afgeslagen, die d'Hollanders ook met een wijngaetje, daer ljse mede valende in hun legher werpen."

These texts describe the Batavians' strategy of using a wooden tower with double flags to fight from, and the Romans' counter-attack using beams and stones to destroy the tower and repel the Batavians.

Overall, the engraving captures the intensity and chaos of a historical battle, highlighting the tactics and weapons used by both sides.

Qwen

Created by Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct on 2025-07-10

The image is a detailed engraving depicting a scene of a siege or attack on a fortified structure, likely from a historical period. The illustration is black and white and shows a group of soldiers scaling the walls of a fortress. The soldiers are dressed in armor and are climbing ladders or using ropes to ascend the walls. Some soldiers are also seen using battering rams to breach the gates.

The fortress has multiple levels, with soldiers positioned on the top and sides of the walls, defending against the attackers. There are also depictions of soldiers on horseback, likely part of the defending force, and others who appear to be casualties or prisoners, hanging from a noose. The scene is chaotic, with soldiers wielding spears, bows, and other weapons, and one soldier is shown in the process of being beheaded by a sword.

The engraving has a subtitle in Latin and Dutch, which provides context to the scene. The text suggests that the Hollanders are besieging a new city called Oudt Leger, which is being defended by a Roman legion. The Latin text explains the Roman legion's tactics and the challenges faced by the attackers.

The style of the engraving is characteristic of historical illustrations from the 16th to 17th centuries, using fine lines and shading to create depth and detail.

Created by Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-72B-Instruct on 2025-07-10

This image is an engraving depicting a detailed battle scene, likely from a historical or medieval context. The artwork is in black and white, showcasing intricate linework characteristic of traditional prints. Here's a detailed breakdown of the image:

  1. Setting:

    • The scene is set outside a fortified wall with a large gate. The wall is depicted with battlements and various soldiers stationed along it, suggesting a defensive posture.
    • The ground is uneven, with some soldiers positioned on a slight incline.
  2. Action:

    • A group of soldiers is seen storming the gates, some on horseback and others on foot. They are armed with various weapons such as swords, bows, and spears.
    • One soldier on horseback is prominently featured in the foreground, leading the charge.
    • Other soldiers are climbing the wall, using ladders and grappling hooks, indicating an attempt to breach the defenses.
  3. Defenders:

    • The defenders are seen on the wall, throwing projectiles and missiles at the attackers. There are also soldiers inside the gate, ready to repel the invaders.
    • Some defenders are using large rocks or other heavy objects to hurl at the attackers.
  4. Flags and Banners:

    • There are several flags and banners in the scene, indicating different groups or factions involved in the battle.
    • A soldier in the foreground is carrying a large flag, which is prominently displayed.
  5. Text:

    • There is text at the bottom of the image, likely providing context or a narrative for the scene. The text is in Dutch and Latin, suggesting the image may be from a Dutch or Flemish publication.

Overall, the image captures a dynamic and intense battle scene, with a focus on the interaction between attackers and defenders. The detailed linework and composition make it a vivid representation of a historical or medieval conflict.

Text analysis

Amazon

Hollanders
vallis
Batau
Romanis
tabulato
admouent,
houten
duplici
trabes
toren
hanc
eenen
met
turrim
e Hollanders beftormen het Oudt legher, ghemaeckt hebbende Batau turrim duplici tabulato vallis admouent,
iniea
Oudt
wordt
oppugnant.
balcken
e
daer
dobbel
ende
qua
perfringunt
legher,
hebbende
het
Ateenen
ghebroken,
14
ghemaeckt
beftormen
wordt balcken ende Ateenen van Romeymen ghebroken, perfringunt
een
eenen houten toren met dobbel om op te die maer d'hollanders oock 14 legiones oppugnant.
op
om
op een Ltagie neu daer vechten : den leluen hanc a Romanis iniea trabes qua
neu
den
maer
Ltagie
legiones
die
oock
d'hollanders
vechten :
Romeymen
van
leluen
op te
a

Google

Bata turrim duplici tabulato vallis admouent, e qua opygnant. hanc a Romanis iniet a perfringunt , qun e aliam machian parant, ga ranie dimißa Batauos fingulos aut plures ubme rapicbat. De Hollanders bebormen op een nieu het Oudt legher, ghemaeckt hebbenade e,om daer op te vechten: maer den luen houten toren met wordt met balcken ende fieenen van de Romeynen ghehroken, e ver chricken met een .vvt a alghe, daer d' Hollanders o 14 Lgiones seine e vattende in hun leher weren
Bata
turrim
duplici
tabulato
vallis
admouent,
e
qua
opygnant.
hanc
a
Romanis
iniet
perfringunt
,
qun
aliam
machian
parant,
ga
ranie
dimißa
Batauos
fingulos
aut
plures
ubme
rapicbat.
De
Hollanders
bebormen
op
een
nieu
het
Oudt
legher,
ghemaeckt
hebbenade
e,om
daer
te
vechten:
maer
den
luen
houten
toren
met
wordt
balcken
ende
fieenen
van
de
Romeynen
ghehroken,
ver
chricken
.vvt
alghe
d'
o
14
Lgiones
seine
vattende
in
hun
leher
weren