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Human Generated Data

Title

Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia

Date

March 1862 (printed c. 1866)

People

Artist: Barnard & Gibson, American active 1860s

Artist: Alexander Gardner, American 1821 - 1882

Classification

Photographs

Credit Line

Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Gift of Irwin Peckman, P2001.81

Human Generated Data

Title

Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia

People

Artist: Barnard & Gibson, American active 1860s

Artist: Alexander Gardner, American 1821 - 1882

Date

March 1862 (printed c. 1866)

Classification

Photographs

Credit Line

Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Gift of Irwin Peckman, P2001.81

Machine Generated Data

Tags

Amazon
created on 2022-01-08

Human 91.1
Art 88.1
Wood 77.8
Soil 74.9
Drawing 67.7
Text 63.8
Sketch 62.4
Vehicle 61.6
Transportation 61.6
Furniture 58.3
Archaeology 56.6

Clarifai
created on 2023-10-25

print 98.5
no person 98.4
art 97.9
sepia 97.4
cavalry 96.8
people 96.7
sepia pigment 95.9
paper 95.4
painting 94.6
man 94.5
desert 93.8
outdoors 93.7
retro 93.3
nature 92.9
antique 92.7
adult 91.8
landscape 91.1
vintage 90.9
dirty 89.8
vehicle 89.8

Imagga
created on 2022-01-08

doormat 28.8
sand 23.6
mat 22.8
water 20
ocean 19.9
beach 18.8
texture 18.7
sea 18
floor cover 17.3
crocodile 16.7
covering 16.3
old 13.2
insect 13.2
textured 13.1
landscape 12.6
wildlife 12.5
mammal 12.4
grunge 11.9
wall 11.2
shore 11.1
summer 10.9
nobody 10.9
coast 10.8
natural 10.7
wild 10.4
brown 10.3
dirty 9.9
vintage 9.9
material 9.8
river 9.8
surface 9.7
hedgehog 9.5
rusty 9.5
wood 9.2
rough 9.1
pad 9
sun 8.9
ant 8.8
rock 8.7
rust 8.7
wave 8.6
close 8.6
rocks 8.5
travel 8.4
arthropod 8.4
outdoor 8.4
thatch 8.4
dark 8.3
lake 8.2
outdoors 8.2
vacation 8.2
holiday 7.9
wallpaper 7.7
sky 7.6
weathered 7.6
animal 7.5
carton 7.5
pattern 7.5
desert 7.5
boat 7.4
dry 7.4
roof 7.4
porcupine 7.4
peaceful 7.3
backgrounds 7.3
tree 7.1
sunlight 7.1
mountain 7.1

Google
created on 2022-01-08

Microsoft
created on 2022-01-08

text 99.4
drawing 56.1
picture frame 6.5

Color Analysis

Face analysis

Amazon

AWS Rekognition

Age 22-30
Gender Male, 98.3%
Angry 42.2%
Calm 23.2%
Fear 11%
Happy 7.8%
Sad 5.4%
Surprised 4.2%
Disgusted 3.9%
Confused 2.2%

Feature analysis

Amazon

Person
Painting

Clarifai

Picture frame
Person

AWS Rekognition

Person 91.1%

Categories

Imagga
created on 2022-01-08

paintings art 99.1%

Captions

Microsoft
created by unknown on 2022-01-08

an old photo of a person 41.4%
an old photo of a person in a desert 41.3%
an old photo of a horse 41.2%

Clarifai

Created by general-english-image-caption-clip on 2025-07-12

photograph of a trench dug by military unit.

Salesforce

Created by general-english-image-caption-blip on 2025-05-15

a photograph of a group of people standing around a fence

OpenAI GPT

Created by gpt-4o-2024-11-20 on 2025-06-14

The image depicts a Civil War-era photograph titled "Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia," taken in March 1862. It shows a group of Union soldiers positioned behind a defensive structure made of intertwining branches and earthworks. Several men are standing and leaning on the fortifications, while one soldier is sitting on the ground, and another is lying down nearby. The background stretches out to display barren land marked by more fortifications and trenches extending into the distance, suggesting a strategic military vantage point. The photograph emphasizes the rugged terrain and the constructed defenses used during the war.

Created by gpt-4o-2024-08-06 on 2025-06-14

The image is a historical photograph from March 1862, capturing the fortifications on the heights of Centreville, Virginia, during the American Civil War. The black and white photo shows several soldiers standing and sitting near a defensive earthwork or trench, reinforced with a dense wall of intertwined branches or brushwood. The landscape in the background is open and slightly hilly, providing a sense of the elevated position of the fortifications. The soldiers are in military attire typical of the Civil War era, and one is sitting on the ground holding a rifle. The photograph conveys a sense of watchfulness and preparedness, characteristic of military fortifications of the time. There is a calm atmosphere, with no visible action taking place. The title and details about the photograph are printed beneath the image, indicating the location, date, and the individuals involved in the creation of the photograph, such as the photographer A. Gardner.

Anthropic Claude

Created by anthropic.claude-3-haiku-20240307-v1:0 on 2025-06-19

The image shows fortifications on the heights of Centreville, Virginia. It depicts a scene of military structures and earthworks, with several individuals visible in the foreground. The landscape in the background appears to be a hilly, rural area. The image is in sepia tone, characteristic of early photographic techniques.

Created by us.anthropic.claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022-v2:0 on 2025-06-19

This is a historical photograph from March 1862 showing Civil War fortifications on the heights of Centreville, Virginia. The image shows military earthworks and defensive positions, with what appears to be several soldiers positioned along a fortified wall or embankment made of logs and earth. The fortification stretches across a hilly landscape, and the construction appears to be typical of Civil War-era military engineering, using available materials like timber and soil to create defensive positions. The photograph has the sepia tones characteristic of Civil War-era photography, and shows the stark, bare winter/early spring landscape of Virginia. The image provides valuable historical documentation of military defensive structures from this period of American history.

Meta Llama

Created by us.meta.llama3-2-11b-instruct-v1:0 on 2025-06-09

The image is a sepia-toned photograph of soldiers standing on a fortification, with the title "Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia" at the bottom.

  • The photograph shows a group of soldiers standing on a fortification made of logs and branches.
    • The soldiers are wearing uniforms and hats, and some are holding rifles.
    • They appear to be standing on a hill or ridge, with a valley or plain in the background.
  • The fortification is made of logs and branches, with a rough and unfinished appearance.
    • It appears to be a temporary or makeshift structure, rather than a permanent fort.
    • The logs and branches are stacked haphazardly, with some gaps and openings visible.
  • In the background, there are rolling hills and fields, with a few buildings or structures visible in the distance.
    • The landscape appears to be rural or countryside, with no signs of urbanization or development.
    • The sky is overcast, with a few clouds visible in the distance.

Overall, the image suggests that the soldiers are stationed at a strategic location, possibly to defend against an enemy attack. The rough and unfinished appearance of the fortification suggests that it may have been built quickly or under pressure, and the soldiers appear to be waiting for something to happen.

Created by us.meta.llama3-2-90b-instruct-v1:0 on 2025-06-09

The image is a sepia-toned photograph of a fortification on the heights of Centreville, Virginia. The photograph features a group of soldiers standing behind a wooden fence, with one soldier sitting on the ground in front of them. The soldiers are dressed in military uniforms and appear to be armed with rifles.

In the background, there are rolling hills and fields that stretch out as far as the eye can see. The sky above is clear and bright, suggesting that the photograph was taken on a sunny day.

At the bottom of the image, there is a caption that reads "Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia." Below this, there is a date that reads "March, 1862." This suggests that the photograph was taken during the American Civil War, which was fought between the Union (the Northern states) and the Confederacy (the Southern states) from 1861 to 1865.

Overall, the image provides a glimpse into the military operations of the Civil War, specifically the fortifications built by the Union army in Centreville, Virginia. It also highlights the importance of photography in documenting historical events and preserving memories of the past.

Amazon Nova

Created by amazon.nova-lite-v1:0 on 2025-06-08

The image is a vintage photograph depicting a scene from the American Civil War. The photograph is titled "Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia." The image shows a group of soldiers standing on a dirt embankment with a wooden fence behind them. Some of the soldiers are standing while others are sitting on the ground. In the background, there is a landscape with hills and trees. The photograph has a sepia tone and a vintage look, suggesting that it was taken during the Civil War era. The image is accompanied by a caption that provides information about the location and date of the photograph.

Created by amazon.nova-pro-v1:0 on 2025-06-08

The image is a photograph of a group of men on a battlefield. They are on a hill with a long trench in front of them. The men are wearing uniforms, and some are sitting on the ground, while others are standing. The image has a black-and-white filter, and it is titled "Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia." The photograph was taken in March 1862.

Google Gemini

Created by gemini-2.0-flash-lite on 2025-05-16

This is a historical photograph titled "Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia," dated March 1862. It appears to be a landscape view of a Civil War military fortification.

Here's a breakdown:

  • Composition: The photograph shows a trench with a defensive barrier constructed from interwoven branches. Soldiers, dressed in the uniforms of the time, are positioned along the barrier. Some appear to be standing, while others are seated. The scene is set against a wide-open landscape with rolling hills.
  • Lighting and Tone: The image has a sepia tone, typical of photographs from this era. The lighting seems to be diffuse, suggesting it might have been taken on an overcast day.
  • Details: The defensive barrier is made of stacked branches. Soldiers appear to be wearing uniforms and holding rifles.
  • Caption and Signatures: The bottom of the image contains text, indicating the photographer and location. It reads "Negative by Barnard & Gibson...Positive by A. Gardner...Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia...March, 1862."

The photograph gives a sense of the fortifications built during the American Civil War.

Created by gemini-2.0-flash on 2025-05-16

Here is a description of the image:

The image is an antique sepia-toned photograph titled "Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia." It is dated March 1862.

In the foreground, there's a rough terrain with a barrier made of woven branches and wood. Several soldiers are positioned near and on the side of this barrier. One soldier is seated on the ground, with what appears to be a dog next to him. Other soldiers are either standing or leaning on the barrier, holding what seem to be rifles or muskets.

In the background, the landscape is somewhat barren with trenches or depressions visible in the ground. The horizon line is visible, with what could be distant land or fortifications blending into the sky.

Text below the image indicates that the negative was by Barnard & Gibson, and the positive was by A. Gardner of Washington. There's additional text indicating the image was entered according to an act of Congress.

Mistral Pixtral

Created by us.mistral.pixtral-large-2502-v1:0 on 2025-06-01

The image is a historical photograph taken in March 1862, depicting fortifications on the heights of Centreville, Virginia. The scene shows several soldiers positioned around a large cannon, which is mounted on a fortified position constructed with logs and earthworks. The soldiers appear to be engaged in various activities, such as manning the cannon and surveying the landscape. The photograph captures a wide, open landscape in the background, providing a sense of the strategic importance of the location.

The photograph is labeled "Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia" and is credited to A. Gardner, taken according to the instructions of General McClellan on the right of the Federal line of the Battle of Centreville. The negative is by Barnard & Gibson, and the positive (the print) is by A. Gardner, located at 315 7th St., Washington.

This image provides a glimpse into the military preparations and defensive strategies employed during the American Civil War. The fortifications and the presence of soldiers highlight the significance of Centreville as a strategic location during the conflict.

Qwen

Created by Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct on 2025-07-10

This is a historical photograph labeled "Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia." The image depicts a series of wooden and earthwork forts constructed on a hillside. A group of soldiers is seen working on and around the fortifications. They are dressed in Union Army uniforms and are engaged in tasks such as digging and constructing the fortifications. The background shows an open landscape, likely part of the Centreville area in Virginia during the American Civil War. The photograph is dated March 1863, which places it in the middle of the Civil War era. The overall tone of the image is sepia, indicating its historical nature and the printing techniques of the time. The photograph captures a moment of military engineering and fortification during a pivotal period in American history.

Created by Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-72B-Instruct on 2025-07-10

This image is a historical photograph titled "Fortifications on Heights of Centreville, Virginia," dated March 1862. It depicts a group of soldiers standing and crouching behind earthworks and a wooden palisade. The soldiers are dressed in uniforms typical of the American Civil War era, holding rifles. The landscape in the background is relatively flat and open, with no significant structures or vegetation visible. The photograph is in sepia tones, giving it an aged appearance. The text at the bottom of the image provides information about the negative by Barnard & Gibson, the positive by A. Gardner, and the location and date of the photograph.

Text analysis

Amazon

HEIGHTS
March,
ON
OF
FORTIFICATIONS
No.
FORTIFICATIONS ON HEIGHTS OF CENTREVILLE, VIRGINIA
Negativeby
CENTREVILLE,
No. 5.
an
5.
VIRGINIA
recording
March, 1869,
all
Positive by
Negativeby BARNARD&UISHOS
A.GARDNER,
Positive by A.GARDNER, all ¡the St.,Washington.
U
и
¡the
St.,Washington.
the
1869,
I
Extired recording и an Y is The von Less 14 I Garden the Owen Office Optional U Universite
Y
Garden
Office
Extired
von
Owen
Less
Universite
14
Optional
is The
BARNARD&UISHOS

Google

Negativeby BaAENARD&GON, atriet f Ciemie Pusitive by A. GARDNKH, I SL,Waslhington. FORTIFICATIONS ON HEIGHTS OF CENTREVILLE, YIRGINIA. No. 5. March, 1862.
Negativeby
BaAENARD&GON,
atriet
f
Ciemie
Pusitive
by
A.
GARDNKH,
I
SL,Waslhington.
FORTIFICATIONS
ON
HEIGHTS
OF
CENTREVILLE,
YIRGINIA.
No.
5.
March,
1862.